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------=_NextPart_01C5CB30.A8AE2160 Content-Location: file:///C:/7348BA81/IPES2005powerpointfile-20050830-1a_files/master25.xml Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/xml; charset="utf-8" ------=_NextPart_01C5CB30.A8AE2160 Content-Location: file:///C:/7348BA81/IPES2005powerpointfile-20050830-1a_files/pres.xml Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/xml; charset="utf-8" ------=_NextPart_01C5CB30.A8AE2160 Content-Location: file:///C:/7348BA81/IPES2005powerpointfile-20050830-1a_files/slide0001.htm Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" Transnational Organized Crime: Global Developments, Local Perspecti= ves --Transnational Crime and Cross-Border Law Enforcement-- A Cross-Strait Relations Perspective
Challenges for = the 21st Century Policing in Taiwan
--Law Enforcement, Domestic Intelligence, a= nd = Homeland Security--

  Dr. Chung-young Chang

Professor  
Graduate School of Public Security
Central Police University
Taiwan, R.O.C.
Presented at the 12th Annual Meeting of
International Police Executive Symposium <= /span>
Prague, The Czech Republic
4-9 September 2005
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Overview
<= span style=3D'font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:88%;font-weight:bold'>A.Summary
<= span style=3D'font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:88%;font-weight:bold'>B.Background and Trends
C.Globalization and Changing Security Environment
D.Transnational Organized Crime and Its Implications  to Taiwan
E.Non-Traditional Security Threats That Taiwan <= span style=3D'position:absolute;top:67.0%;left:13.48%;width:79.02%;height:6.0%'= >Faces
F.Challenges for and Responses of Taiwan
<= span style=3D'font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:88%;font-weight:bold'>G.Conclusion
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oSiKo0iK12MmpzAnKqBcI4MFUQAdzmEIqkU5ksETJlCDladcabcEp7ABG1CGBDQax1CKw0iMxWiM x4iMyaiMy8iMzeiMTQFmpwAny5U2UYAey5EXQfArtAhzE8F8Z7hcMLAEuzgIF3ABncgx+jERz8iO 7eiO7wiP8SiP88iM0TgIQBASFIYeCiRJHbERGZFfFkER99Z8IBaO43gKFmAB6Hgx+uEt9AiRESmR E0lakRVpkcoFSyKhQhSGiKLgVeXxMGaXCGUojgg5CBzAAQzJA/3RkBfpki8JkzEpkzOZXLAkBuPy iexxOUfmiSVJjqKYLCy5kjRJlEVplEeJlEmplEvJlE1JQoEAADs= ------=_NextPart_01C5CB30.A8AE2160 Content-Location: file:///C:/7348BA81/IPES2005powerpointfile-20050830-1a_files/slide0040.htm Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" Transnational Organized Crime: Global Developments, Local Perspecti= ves --Transnational Crime and Cross-Border Law Enforcement-- A Cross-Strait Relations Perspective
A. Summary
<= span style=3D'position:absolute;top:28.74%;left:16.66%;width:91.19%;height:6.0%= '>ØThe paper is to discuss the security challenges for the 21st century policing in the Republic o= f China (Taiwan) in the contexts of globalization and contemporary transnational security environment in general and the cross-Strait relations with the People’s Republic of China (China) in particular. =
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A. Summary
= ØThe author tries to elaborate that Taiwan is <= span style=3D'position:absolute;top:21.75%;left:11.42%;width:93.82%;height:6.0%= '>no exception in that it is also facing a variety of <= /span>non-traditional security challenges arising from = various types of transnational organized crime, including trafficking in persons and illicit goods, <= /span>narcotics and arms trafficking, kidnapping, frauds, money-laundering and other violent crimes. An effective strategy to manage these = challenges and secure homeland security of Taiwan requires better coordination and collaboration among major elements of the law = enforcement and security intelligence community and police cooperation with regional countries.
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B. Background and Trends
=
Ø1. Impacts of the advance in technological progress, the end of Cold War, and the process of globalization;
Ø2. From national security to comprehensive security to human security, and to non-traditional security; =
Ø3. Transnation= al organized crime as one of six security threats identified by UN High-level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Changes in December 2004;
Ø4. Organized crime as one of Canada’s security threats pointed out in National Security Policy Report 2004
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= C. Globalization and Changing Security Environment <= /span>
=
Ø1. The concept= of globalization and its implications can be categorized as multidimensional phenomenon, scientific & technologic invention, global village, connectedness and interdependent, a web of trans-border networks, sovereignty at bay, unevenly experienced, and rise of transnational criminal activities;
Ø2. Taiwan is experiencing more and greater impacts from the = process of globalization and growing cross-Taiwan Strait interactions;
Ø3. The mandates of the police, security and intelligence agencies <= /span>have been adjusting to the challenges of changing security <= /span>environment
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D. Transnational Organized Crime and Its Implications to Taiwan <= /span>
Ø1. no common definition on transnational (organized) crime
Ø2. five components of transnational crime: perpetrators, products, peop= le, proceeds, and digital signals
Ø3. 18 major categories of transnational crime: money = laundering, illicit drug trafficking, corruption and = bribery of public officials, infiltration of legal business, fraudulent bankruptcy, insurance fraud, computer crime, theft or infringement of intellectual property, illicit traffic in arms, terrorist activities, aircraft hijacking, sea piracy, hijacking on land, trafficking in persons, trade in human body parts, theft of art and = cultural objects, environmental crime, and other offences committed by organized criminal groups
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D. Transnational Organized Crime and Its Implications to Taiwan <= /span>
Ø4. The threats of transnational crime:
la. undermine civil society, politic= al systems and the sovereignty of states;
lb. dangerously distort market mechanisms, including some government regulatory activity, depriving consumers and producers of the benefits of fai= r, free, safe and secure economic and commercial systems; <= /span>
lc. degrade environmental systems through evasion of environmental safeguards and regulations;
ld. destabilize strategically import= ant nations and hinder the progress of the so-called econom= ies in transition and developing economies and otherwise interfere w= ith a nation’s foreign policy goals and the international system; e. burden societies with the enormous social and economic costs of illegal drugs.
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D. Transnational Organized Crime and Its Implications to Taiwan <= /span>
=
Ø5. Among other estimates, the cost = of transnational criminal activities in developed countries is about 2% of annual GNP =
Ø6. As Peter Lupsha indicated, the long term threats to civil society from organized cri= me, especially transnational one, can be categorized as follows: political and economic destabilization, injustice, unfair competition, corruption, institutional delegitimization, monopoly pricing and organized c= rime extortion, unfair treatment, violence, intimidation, fear, oppression, and tyranny.<= span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:= "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:88%;mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW'>
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E. Non-Traditio= nal Security Threats That Taiwan Fac= es
=
Ø1. The nature and reality of non-traditional security threats that Taiwan faces
Ø2. People smuggling or migrant smuggling
Ø3. Narcotics trafficking
Ø4. Small arms and light weaponry smuggling
Ø5. Contraband smuggling =
Ø6. Human trafficking
Ø7. Armed robbery at sea or piracy&#= 13;
Ø8. Cross-Strait criminal or illicit activities
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F. Challenges f= or and Responses of Taiwan
=
Ø1. Non-traditional security threats posing national security implication
Ø2. Establishing and strengthening Taiwan Coast Guard
Ø3. Facilitating and organizing interagency coordination and cooperation
Ø4. Promoting and formalizing region= al police cooperation
Ø5. Planning for reorganization of t= he Ministry of Interior and Homeland Security
Ø6. Upgrading the issue to National Security Policy agenda
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G. Conclusion
=
Ø1. Changing world and its security implications
Ø2. Changing concept of national security
Ø3. Changing mandate and role for the police, security and intelligence forces <= /span>
Ø4. Future challenges for the wor= ld and Taiwan
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Figure= 1: Statistics of Coastal Patrol Performances of the
National Police Administration, 1995-1999
155
126
165
174
64
Suspect
112
89
95
104
42
Case
Illicit Drugs
22
46
31
30
30
Suspect
14
42
25
17
12
= Case
= Light Arms & <= span style=3D'position:absolute;top:82.5%;left:5.99%;width:19.85%;height:3.5%'>= Ammunition
26,922
2,710
4,261
3,171
1,945
Suspect
23
25
26
7
33
= Case
3,519
…<= span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:57%;text-shadow:none;mso-fareast-language:= ZH-TW; mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'>
…<= span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:57%;text-shadow:none;mso-fareast-language:= ZH-TW; mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'>
…<= span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:57%;text-shadow:none;mso-fareast-language:= ZH-TW; mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'>
…<= span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:57%;text-shadow:none;mso-fareast-language:= ZH-TW; mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'>
Vessels
= Fishing Boats Expulsion and Illegal Fishing Interception
85,405
70,095
64,669
99,189
79,199
Value
565
357
419
533
644
Suspect
176
121
144
185
212
= Case
Contraband Smuggling
400
219
155
277
206
Suspect
51
15
12
26
22
= Case
Human Trafficking
28,064
3,458
5,031
4,185
2,889
Suspect
376
292
302
339
321
Case
Total
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
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charset="us-ascii" Transnational Organized Crime: Global Developments, Local Perspecti= ves --Transnational Crime and Cross-Border Law Enforcement-- A Cross-Strait Relations Perspective
Figure= 2-1: Statistics of Wok Performance of Taiwan Coast Guard, <= span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:45%;color:#FF9900;mso-fareast-language:ZH-= TW'>2000-2001(1)
1,268,581.92
410,978.62
857,603.30
487,968.96
487,457.07
511.89
grams
305
299
6
176
168
8
Suspect
201
195
6
127
124
3
Case
Illicit Drugs
30
26
4
6
6
&#= 65293;
item
Knives
2.41
0.41
2.00
3.00
3.00
&#= 65293;
weight
Explosives
1,380
1,380
&#= 65293;
710
710
&#= 65293;
item
Ammunition
94
94
&#= 65293;
72
67
5
item
Light Arms
89
86
3
40
36
4
Suspect
67
65
2
42
38
4
Case
Light Arms &= ; = Ammunition
299
134
165
7
4
3
Services
818
322
496
36
11
25
Vessels
680
364
316
671
381
290
Smuggler
3,269
1,639
1,630
2,544
892
1,652
Suspect
6,208
2,517
3,691
3,600
1,398
2,202
Case
Total
Total
Coast Patrol
Headquarter
Ocean Patrol Headquarter
Total
Coast Patrol
Headquarter
Ocean Patrol Headquarter
2001
2000
Year & Agency
&#= 13;
Category
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